Tope I. Fasan*, Olubukola S. Olorunnisola, Adewale Adetutu, Bamidele S. Ajilore, Fawehinmi Bankole Akinlolu, Jibayo P. Akinbosola and Abimbola Theresa Ola-Adedoyin

• access_time15 February, 2024

  subjectCategory: Biochemistry/Molecular Biology

• The traditional method of preparing herbal decoctions has been known for ages without certainty if the most efficacious phenolic bio-molecules of medicinal plants e.g. Phyllanthus amarus (Schum and Thonn) are being exploited. More so, high salt diet (HSD) intake has been established worldwide, to deleteriously induce hyperlipidemia-related hypertensive rubor, renal subjugation and adipocyte proliferation. The present study was to validate the best extraction method that would greatly tap the Phyllanthus amarus (Schum and Thonn) whole plant phenolic phytoconstituent and also evaluate its in-vivo role in the amelioration of high salt meal triggered hyperlipidemia, adiposity, and renal dysfunction in an animal model, within 8 weeks. Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rodents (170-180g) were grouped, and treated as follows: Group1: fed with normal rat chow; Group 2: HSD; Group 3: HSD+75mg/kg/b.wt of PRE; Group 4: HSD+100mg/kg/b.wt of PRE; Group 5: HSD+150mg/kg/b.wt of PRE. Results showed that aqueous acetone concentrates exhibited the highest 2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (result not shown), and also with the highest content of total phenolics. The in-vivo results further revealed significant (p < 0.05) histopathological alterations in the renal architecture of group 2 fed high salt chow only, increased kidney weight, lipid profile, body fat deposit(54.5%) andconcentration of renal bio-products. It also established a significant dose-dependent recuperating potential in the groups co-treated with PRE when compared with rats on normal chow. The aqueous acetone solvent exhibited the best extraction medium for PRE and may thus be considered as an imminent therapeutic agent in managing high salt-driven Hyperlipidemia, Adiposity and Renal dysfunction.
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